Different cell types secrete different cytokines at different stages of wound healing
| Phase in wound healing | Cytokine | Cell type | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hemostasis | PDGF, TGF-β, IGF | Platelet | [2, 26, 27] |
| Inflammation | IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-23, TNF-α, IFN-γ | M1 macrophages | [28, 29] |
| Inflammation | TGF-β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13 | T lymphocytes | [16, 26, 30, 31] |
| Proliferation | IL-10, VEGF, TGF-β, FGF, EGF, MMP-9 | M2 macrophages | [28, 32, 33] |
| Proliferation remodeling | MMPs, KGF, IL-6, IGF | Fibroblast | [27, 34] |
| Proliferation remodeling | VEGF, TGF-α | Malpighian cell | [26, 35] |
PDGF: platelet-derived growth factor; TGF: transforming growth factor; IFN-γ: interferon-γ; FGF: fibroblast growth factor; KGF: keratinocyte growth factor
We would like to acknowledge the funding support from Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Scientific Research Program of FuRong Laboratory, and the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province.
XZ: Conceptualization, Writing—original draft. HHW: Conceptualization, Writing—review & editing. TW, XF, TZ, RQ, and YW: Writing—original draft. MW, YZ, ML, NC, and YG: Writing—review & editing.
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
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The study was supported by the Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health [2022539200340039]; the National Natural Science Foundation of China [22177030]; the Scientific Research Program of FuRong Laboratory [2023SK2104]; and the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China [2023JJ40814]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
© The Author(s) 2024.