Applications of artificial factors for disease therapy
| Artificial factors | Characteristics | Disease | Clinical stage | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IFN-α mutant | Mutation | Cancer | Preclinical | [108] |
| Myeloid-biased, IL-10 variants | Mutation | Autoimmune diseases | Preclinical | [109] |
| PEG-IL-2, NKTR-214 | PEG modification | Solid tumors | Phase I/II | NCT02869295, NCT02983045 |
| IL-2-mutein-Fc, AMG592 | Mutation and fusion with Fc protein | Autoimmune diseases | Phase I | NCT03451422, NCT03410056NCT03422627 |
| Chimeric cytokines fused with the antibody | Type 2 diabetes | Phase I | [61] | |
| PCCPs | The pH-response properties were grafted onto the polypeptides | Cancer | Preclinical | [83] |
| HGF mimics | DNA aptamer | Fulminant hepatitis | Preclinical | [83] |
| IR-a62 | DNA aptamer modulator | diabetes | Preclinical | [107] |
IFN: interferon; IR: insulin receptor; HGF: hepatocyte growth factor; PCCPs: pH-controllable cell-penetrating polypeptides