Exploration of Immunology

Table 1

Non-coding RNAs that affect FOXP3 gene expression

Non-coding RNAs	FOXP3 gene regulation	Targeting effects	Autoimmune diseases	Refs
miRNAs
miR-16	+ve		Rheumatoid arthritis	[69]
miR-34a	–ve		Systemic lupus erythematosus	[70]
miR-23a-3p	+ve	Targeting SIRT1	Graves’ disease	[71]
miR-106-5p	–ve	Targeting the NR4A3/FOXP3 pathway	Immune thrombocytopenic purpura	[72]
miR-124a	+ve		Neuropathic pain	[73]
miR-133a/b	–ve		IgA nephropathy	[74]
miR-155	+ve	Targeting SIRT1	Neuropathic pain	[73]
miR-210	–ve		Psoriasis vulgaris	[75]
miR-219-5p	+ve	Regulatory mechanisms on Th17/Treg cells	Ulcerative colitis	[76]
miR-223-3p	–ve	Inhibition of HCAECs cells	Kawasaki disease	[77]
LncRNAs
MEG3	–ve	Directly interacts with miR-125a-5p Upregulation of MEG3 promoted the expression of FOXP3	Immune thrombocytopenic purpura	[78]
HOTTIP	–ve	HOTTIP directly binds to miR-1908-5p Upregulation of HOTTIP leads to an increase in the Th17/Treg cells ratio	Rheumatoid arthritis	[79]
Flicr	–ve		Rheumatoid arthritis	[80]
RP11-340F14.6	–ve	An increase in Th17/Treg ratio	Juvenile idiopathic arthritis	[81]
DQ786243	+ve	Associated with Crohn’s disease severity	Crohn’s disease	[82]
circular RNAs
circETS1	–ve	Increases the severity of SLE by affecting the miR-1205	Systemic lupus erythematosus	[83]

+ve: positive; –ve: negative