Physiological and exercise performance assessments at pre- and post-training intervention
| Evaluations | A16 | U16 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-training | Post-training | Pre-training | Post-training | |
| Anthropometrics | ||||
| Age (yrs) | 17.3 ± 0.8# | 17.5 ± 0.8# | 15.5 ± 0.3 | 15.7 ± 0.3 |
| Training age | 10.5 ± 1.0# | 8.8 ± 0.7 | ||
| Tanner maturation | 5 ± 0# | 4.5 ± 0.5 | ||
| Height (cm) | 1.74 ± 0.06 | 1.74 ± 0.06 | 1.74 ± 0.06 | 1.75 ± 0.06* |
| Weight (kg) | 67.8 ± 7 | 66 ± 6.7* | 67 ± 6 | 67.3 ± 6 |
| BMI (kg·m-2) | 22.5 ± 1.3 | 21.8 ± 1.3* | 22.1 ± 1.9 | 22.2 ± 1.8 |
| Body fat (%) | 10.6 ± 2.9 | 9.1 ± 2.4* | 9.1 ± 1.9 | 8.3 ± 2.0* |
| Physiological and fitness evaluations | ||||
| Systolic BP | 122 ± 6 | 120 ± 8 | 120 ± 4 | 120 ± 5 |
| Diastolic BP | 73.2 ± 5 | 72.1 ± 6 | 71.2 ± 5 | 73 ± 5 |
| HR rest (beats/min) | 67 ± 9 | 62 ± 6* | 71 ± 6 | 65 ± 6* |
| Flexibility (cm) | 22.3 ± 8 | 24.4 ± 7* | 23.8 ± 5 | 26.7 ± 5* |
| VO2max (mL·kg-1·min-1) | 54.2 ± 3.9 | 56.9 ± 3.2* | 52.8 ± 3.8 | 54.3 ± 3.6* |
| Standing long-jump (cm) | 227 ± 13# | 238 ± 12*# | 216 ± 14 | 220 ± 16* |
| Sit-ups (rep/min) | 49 ± 5# | 55 ± 4*# | 43 ± 8 | 48 ± 7* |
| Push-ups (rep/min) | 43 ± 10# | 46 ± 1*# | 35 ± 9 | 41 ± 8* |
BP: blood pressure; MHR: Maximum heart rate; VO2max: maximum oxygen consumption. # Statistical differences between A16 and U16 (P < 0.05); * statistical difference over-time, between pre- and post-training (P < 0.05)
The authors would like to thank the coaching teams’ members for their excellent collaboration and support throughout the study period. The excellent cooperation of the participants and their parents is strongly appreciated.
MH: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing, Project administration. EC and NZ: Data curation, Validation, Writing—review & editing. All authors read and approved the submitted version.
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
The study conforms with the Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki, 1964) and it was approved by the Institutional Research Ethics Committee (REC-010712).
Written informed consent to participate in the study was obtained prior to any assessment from all participants and their parents.
Not applicable.
The raw data supporting the conclusions of this manuscript will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation, to any qualified researcher.
Not applicable.
© The Author(s) 2024.