Clinical studies utilizing γδ T cells against hematologic malignancies with published results
| Reference | Year | Disease | N | Intervention | Response |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| In vivo stimulation of γδ T cells | |||||
| Wilhelm et al. [109] | 2003 | NHL, CLL, MM | 19 | Pamidronate and IL-2 | 3/19 had objective response |
| Laurent et al. [110] | 2009 | Follicular lymphoma | 45 | Rituximab + BrHPP + IL-2 | 75% of first 12 patients had response |
| Kunzmann et al. [111] | 2012 | AML | 8 | Zoledronate and IL-2 | 2/8 had partial remission |
| Bertaina et al. [112] | 2017 | ALL and AML | 43 | Zoledronate post allo-HSCT | Improved DFS, higher circulating γδ T cells |
| Merli et al. [113] | 2020 | ALL, AML and MPAL | 46 | Zoledronate x 3 post allo-HSCT | Improved DFS, lower TRM, reduced GvHD |
| Adoptive transfer of γδ T cells | |||||
| Abe et al. [116] | 2009 | MM | 6 | Four infusions of ex vivo expanded autologous Vγ9γδ2 T cells | 4/6 had stable disease, no toxicity |
| Wilhelm et al. [117] | 2014 | T-NHL, AML, MM, plasma cell leukemia | 4 | Haploidentical γδ T cells, followed by zoledronate + IL-2 | 3/4 had complete response |
N: total number of patients; NHL: non-Hodgkin lymphoma; BrHPP: bromohydrin pyrophosphate; ALL: acute lymphoblastic leukemia; MPAL: mixed phenotype acute leukemia; TRM: transplant-related mortality; T-NHL: T-cell NHL