Exploration of Immunology

Table 2

List of nanomedicine for cancer therapy

NPs	Synthesis methods	Cancer type	Route of administration	Drug utilized	Important result	References
Liposomes	Liposomes can be synthesized by various methods such as film hydration method, ether injection method, and sonication method.	Breast cancer	Intravenous	Paclitaxel	Enhances the delivery of drugs to tumor sites and reduces toxicity to healthy cells.	[83, 84]
Polymeric NPs	Polymeric NPs can be synthesized by various methods such as nanoprecipitation, solvent evaporation, and emulsion-diffusion methods.	Non-small cell lung carcinoma	Oral	Cisplatin	Enhances the delivery of drugs to the tumor sites and improves targeted therapy	[85]
Dendrimers	Dendrimers can be synthesized by divergent and convergent methods.	Prostate cancer	Topical	Docetaxel	Enhances the delivery of drugs to cancer cells and improve targeted therapy	[86, 87]
Gold NPs	Gold NPs can be synthesized by methods such as seed-mediated growth, reduction of HAuCl₄ and citrate reduction.	Melanoma	Intravenous	Dox	Induces apoptosis in cancer cells and enhances the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drug	[88, 89]
Silica NPs (SNPs)	SNP can be synthesized by sol-gel, Stober method, and reverse micelle method.	Pancreatic cancer	Oral	Gemcitabine	Enhances the efficacy with no evidence of local or systemic toxicity	[90, 91]