The efficacy of DN in spasticity, post-stroke pain, functional outcome, balance, tremor, and imaging measures
| Parameter | Efficacy |
|---|---|
| Spasticity | Improved spasticity as measured by MMAS |
| Post-stroke pain | Reduced post-stroke pain including post-stroke shoulder pain (low evidence) |
| Functional outcome | Improvement in Timed Up and Go test, Ten Meter Walk Test, Barthel Index, and passive range of motion Improved outcome in sensory and range of motion subscales in Fugl-Meyer Scale |
| Balance | Improved single-leg stance Improved balance subscale in Fugl-Meyer Scale Improved balance and accuracy in dynamic posturography |
| Tremor | Improved postural and functional components of tremor |
| Muscular architecture | Decrease in the pennation angle and mean muscle thickness |