Exploration of Neuroprotective Therapy

Table 4

Autoantibodies associated with SFN

Autoantibody	Clinical significance	Level of evidence	References
Anti-sulfatide (IgM)	Acute onset May respond to steroid therapy	Low; retrospective data analysis	[102, 103]
Anti-TS-HDS (IgM)	Common in females with NLD pathology Acute onset	Low; retrospective data analysis	[104, 105]
Anti-FGFR3 (IgG)	Common in females with NLD pathology Generalized autonomic dysfunction	Low; retrospective data analysis	[104, 105]
Anti-Plexin D1 (IgG)	Chronic disease duration Most patients have LD, pricking presentation 12.7% prevalence in SFN patients	High; animal studies confirming pathogenicity	[106, 108]
Anti-Na_v (IgG)	Acute onset, length dependent burning sensation	Low; cell-based assays, but pathogenicity not confirmed	[109]
Anti-MX1 (IgG)	iSFN patients	Low; no mechanistic studies	[101]

LD: length dependent