Means and standard deviations of subject characteristics, patient-reported outcome measures, and clinical features (i.e., duration of the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN), and medication intake)
| Characteristics | HCDM(N = 20) | DM(N = 20) | P value | HCDMp(N = 18) | DMp (N = 18) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 53.1 ± 16.6 | 53.4 ± 16.7 | 0.956 | 58.2 ± 10.7 | 64.6 ± 8.2 | 0.059 |
| Sex (M/F) | 9/11 | 9/11 | - | 15/3 | 15/3 | - |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.2 ± 3.2 | 26.7 ± 4.0 | < 0.05 | 25.4 ± 2.9 | 30.3 ± 4.7 | < 0.001 |
| CSI-A score | 15.2 ± 8.0 | 17.6 ± 8.1 | 0.360 | 15.3 ± 8.2 | 34.1 ± 15.7 | < 0.001 |
| NRS score | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | - | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 3.7 ± 2.0 | < 0.001 |
| Duration DM (years) | - | 17.2 ± 10.2 | - | - | 19.1 ± 10.7 | - |
| Duration DPN (years) | - | - | - | - | 8.4 ± 5.4 | - |
| Medication intake (N) | 0 | 0 | - | 0 | 5 | - |
Age, sex, body mass index (BMI), central sensitization inventory-part A (CSI-A) score, and numeric rating scale (NRS) score were tested between patient (DM and DMp) and their age- and sex-matched healthy control (HC) groups using a t-test. DM: patients with diabetes mellitus without pain or other clinical symptoms of polyneuropathy; DMp: patients with diabetes mellitus diagnosed with chronic painful peripheral polyneuropathy