From:  3D printed hernia mesh implant: a conformability study
 

Dielectric properties of the PVDF-based composite with different conducting materials

Dielectric propertiesSubstrate material
PVDF-HAP-CS with 17-4PH SSPVDF-HAP-CS with Cu tape
Measured valuesS21 = –32.33 dB
fr = 2.39 GHz		S21 = –26.75 dB
fr = 2.41 GHz
Calculated valuesεr = 7.6856
tan δ = 0.0034		εr = 7.4678
tan δ = 0.0033
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PVDF-HAP-CS input parameters: theoretical εr = 7.5; thickness = 0.8 mm. PH: precipitate hardened; PVDF-HAP-CS: polyvinylidene fluoride-hydroxyapatite-chitosan; SS: stainless steel. S21 is insertion loss; fr is frequency; εr is the calculated dielectric constant of the substrate material; tan δ is the loss tangent of the material