Synopses of epidemological studies connecting gout with OSA
| References | Description of study | Number of participants | Results | Risk ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roddy et al. [10], 2013 | Data from UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Comparison of gout incidence rate in cohort diagnosed with OSA vs. cohort (matched by age, sex, practice) never diagnosed with OSA. 5.8 years median follow-up. | 15,878 Diagnosed with OSA. 63,296 Never diagnosed with OSA* | OSA: 4.9% with gout. Incidence rate 7.83/KPyr No OSA: 2.6% with gout. Incidence rate 4.03/KPyr | 1.9:1 |
| Zhang et al. [11], 2015 | Data from UK general practice database. Comparison of gout prevalence in those diagnosed with OSA vs. those never diagnosed with OSA. | 1,689 Diagnosed with OSA. 6,756 Never diagnosed with OSA* | OSA: 0.7% No OSA: 0.3% | 2.3:1 |
| Singh and Cleveland [12], 2018 | Internet questioning about sleep disorders of people with physician-diagnosed gout who visited a gout education website. | 454 | 320 With gout. 77 With diagnosed OSA | N/A |
| Blagojevic-Bucknall et al. [13], 2019 | Data from 5% US Medicare beneficiary sample 2006–2012. Selected entries with new diagnosis of OSA. | 1.74 Million, follow-up of 10,448,472 person-years* | Incidence rates with: OSA: 14.3/KPyr No OSA: 3.9/KPyr | 3.7:1 |
| Singh [14], 2019 | Data from UK Health Improvement Network. Comparison of gout incidence rate with first SA diagnosis vs. cohort (matched by age, sex, BMI) never diagnosed with SA. | 9,865 With first SA diagnosis. 43,598 Never diagnosed with SA* | Incidence rates with: SA: 8.4/KPyr No SA: 4.8/KPyr | 1.75:1 |
| Kanbay et al. [15], 2014 | All participants tested for OSA, and questioned about history of cardiovascular disease. | 72 Controls (AHI < 5); 47 mild (5 < AHI < 15); 75 moderate OSA (15 < AHI < 30); 192 severe (AHI > 30) | SUA data show monotonic increase with AHI in those who had a cardiovascular event | N/A |
* Not all subjects were tested for OSA so the numbers are likely to underrepresent the true number of subjects with OSA. SA: sleep apnea; BMI: body mass index; AHI: apnea-hypopnea index; KPyr: kiloperson-years; N/A: not applicable; SUA: serum uric acid
The supplementary material for this article is available at: https://www.explorationpub.com/uploads/Article/file/100715_sup_1.pdf.
The author gratefully acknowledges the information gleaned from interchanges with Dr. Richard Johnson, nephrologist; Dr. Peter Delannoy, biochemist; and Dr. Steven Weintraub, pulmonologist.
BA: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing.
The author declares that there is no conflict of interest.
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© The Author(s) 2023.