Exploration of Musculoskeletal Diseases

Table 2. Possible building blocks for the diagnosis of axSpA—part 2: later diagnosis

Nr	Feature	Assessment	Decision
1	Limitation of spinal mobility	BASMI and thoracic excursion	Score > 3
2	Limitation of function	BASFI	Score > 3
3	Structural X-ray changes in the spine	X-ray, mSASSS (syndesmophytes, ankylosis)	Not applicable

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axSpA: axial spondyloarthritis; Nr: number; BASMI: Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index; BASFI: Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index; mSASSS: modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score

Declarations

Author contributions

JB: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft. DP: Writing—review & editing, Investigation, Validation. All authors read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

Jürgen Braun, who is the Associate Editor of Exploration of Musculoskeletal Diseases, had no involvement in the decision-making or the review process of this manuscript. The other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

According to the local guidelines, since this is a review and not a study, no ethical approval is needed in Germany.

Consent to participate

All patients in the University Hospital B. Franklin in Berlin give informed consent.

Consent to publication

All patients in the University Hospital B. Franklin in Berlin give informed consent.

Availability of data and materials

The raw data supporting the conclusions of this manuscript can be requested from the corresponding author for appropriate reasons.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

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