Exploration of Drug Science

Limitation	Strategy	References
Improve stability by preventing proteolysis	Use of modified amino acids such as D amino acids, methylated amino acids, and beta-amino acids among others	[20, 81, 82]
Improve stability and activity by preserving secondary structure	Use of hydrogen bond surrogates (HBS), generation of covalent bonds, cyclic peptides	[81–83]
Membrane penetration	Conjugation with lipids or biocompatible polymers	[20]
Delivery systems to enhance activity and stability	Use of nanotechnology Functionalized surfaces Nucleic acids systems Hydrogels and scaffolds	[84–86]
Cost of synthesis	New strategies towards circular economy Production as recombinants	[23, 87]

Limitation

Strategy

References

Improve stability by preventing proteolysis

Use of modified amino acids such as D amino acids, methylated amino acids, and beta-amino acids among others

Improve stability and activity by preserving secondary structure

Use of hydrogen bond surrogates (HBS), generation of covalent bonds, cyclic peptides

[81–83]

Membrane penetration

Conjugation with lipids or biocompatible polymers

Delivery systems to enhance activity and stability

Use of nanotechnology
Functionalized surfaces
Nucleic acids systems
Hydrogels and scaffolds

[84–86]

Cost of synthesis

New strategies towards circular economy
Production as recombinants