Exploration of Drug Science

Naturally occurring antibacterial drugs	Mechanism of action	Reference
Trans-cinnamaldehyde	Inhibits the growth of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli by disrupting the cell wall integrity, leading to cell lysis and death.	[35]
Carvacrol	Damages bacterial cell membranes, prevents biofilm formation, and disrupts quorum sensing, making it effective against multidrug-resistant strains.	[36]
Gentisaldehyde	Alkylates essential cellular components such as DNA, RNA, and proteins, resulting in protein denaturation and alteration of nucleic acids, which interferes with bacterial function.	[37]
Phloroglucinaldehyde	Uses a dual mechanism by disrupting bacterial cell membranes and inhibiting essential metabolic pathways critical for bacterial survival.	[38]

Naturally occurring antibacterial drugs

Mechanism of action

Reference

Trans-cinnamaldehyde

Inhibits the growth of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli by disrupting the cell wall integrity, leading to cell lysis and death.

[35]

Carvacrol

Damages bacterial cell membranes, prevents biofilm formation, and disrupts quorum sensing, making it effective against multidrug-resistant strains.

[36]

Gentisaldehyde

Alkylates essential cellular components such as DNA, RNA, and proteins, resulting in protein denaturation and alteration of nucleic acids, which interferes with bacterial function.

[37]

Phloroglucinaldehyde

Uses a dual mechanism by disrupting bacterial cell membranes and inhibiting essential metabolic pathways critical for bacterial survival.

[38]