Exploration of Drug Science

Narrow spectrum antibacterial	Binding site function	References
Methicillin	Competitively blocking the transpeptidase enzyme, which is a type of penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).	[74]
Nafcillin	Specifically targets PBPs essential for cell wall synthesis, aiding in cross-linking peptidoglycan for wall rigidity.	[75]
Oxacillin	The binding site is shaped by loops near helix 5, affecting substrate affinity; variants like OXA-2 and OXA-51 bind better to carbapenems.	[76]
Cloxacillin	Binds to serum albumin through hydrophobic interactions, with a 1:1 stoichiometry, as indicated by fluorescence spectroscopy studies.	[77]

Narrow spectrum antibacterial

Binding site function

References

Methicillin

Competitively blocking the transpeptidase enzyme, which is a type of penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).

Nafcillin

Specifically targets PBPs essential for cell wall synthesis, aiding in cross-linking peptidoglycan for wall rigidity.

Oxacillin

The binding site is shaped by loops near helix 5, affecting substrate affinity; variants like OXA-2 and OXA-51 bind better to carbapenems.

Cloxacillin

Binds to serum albumin through hydrophobic interactions, with a 1:1 stoichiometry, as indicated by fluorescence spectroscopy studies.