The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Ethical approval
The study was approved by the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Cardiology Ethics Committee (approval number № 2) and complies with the Declaration of Helsinki.
Consent to participate
Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants.
Consent to publication
Informed consent to publication was obtained from relevant participants.
Availability of data and materials
The data for this study could be available from the corresponding authors upon reasonable request.
Open Exploration maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims in published institutional affiliations and maps. All opinions expressed in this article are the personal views of the author(s) and do not represent the stance of the editorial team or the publisher.
References
Eriksen CU, Rotar O, Toft U, Jørgensen T. What is the effectiveness of systematic population-level screening programmes for reducing the burden of cardiovascular diseases [Internet]? Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; c2021 [cited 2025 May 25].Available from: https://www.who.int/europe/publications/i/item/9789289055376
Adhikary D, Barman S, Ranjan R, Stone H. A Systematic Review of Major Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Growing Global Health Concern.Cureus. 2022;14:e30119. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Than NN, Newsome PN. A concise review of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Atherosclerosis. 2015;239:192–202. [DOI] [PubMed]
Targher G, Byrne CD, Lonardo A, Zoppini G, Barbui C. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis.J Hepatol. 2016;65:589–600. [DOI] [PubMed]
Wójcik-Cichy K, Koślińska-Berkan E, Piekarska A. The influence of NAFLD on the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.Clin Exp Hepatol. 2018;4:1–6. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Cazac GD, Lăcătușu CM, Mihai C, Grigorescu ED, Onofriescu A, Mihai BM. New Insights into Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Coronary Artery Disease: The Liver-Heart Axis.Life (Basel). 2022;12:1189. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Kim SH, Park HY, Lee HS, Jung KS, Lee MH, Jhee JH, et al. Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and coronary calcification depending on sex and obesity.Sci Rep. 2020;10:1025. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Ikezaki H, Nakashima R, Matsumoto Y, Ohta A, Yamasaki S, Hiramine S, et al. Impact of NAFLD-related SNPs on the carotid atherosclerosis development; a five-year prospective observational study.Atheroscler Plus. 2024;59:10–7. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]