Exploration of Medicine

Table 2

Causal effect estimates of diet on schoolchildren nutrition status, adjusted for child age, sex, family income, school shift, survey year, day of the week the questionnaire refers to, METs of PA, quality of dietary and PA reporting

Exposure variables	Quality reporting adjustment	Category level	Obesity				Overweight including obesity
			OR	Lower	Upper	P-value	OR	Lower	Upper	P-value
			Total number of dietary items consumed	CV	< 10	1.00*	-			1.00*	-
EXCL					< 10	1.00*	-			1.00*	-
CV	10–19	1.18		1.12	1.24	< 0.001	1.24	1.16	1.32	< 0.001
EXCL	10–19	1.06		1.04	1.08	< 0.001	1.13	1.09	1.17	< 0.001
CV	20+	1.04		0.69	1.59	0.844	0.99	0.53	1.83	0.971
EXCL	20+	1.09		1.02	1.16	0.009	1.17	1.06	1.29	0.002
Number of sugary drinks	CV	0	1.00*	-			1.00*	-
	EXCL	0	1.00*	-			1.00*	-
	CV	1	1.02	1.00	1.04	0.065	1.03	1.01	1.05	0.005
	EXCL	1	1.00	0.99	1.02	0.647	1.00	0.97	1.04	0.773
	CV	2–6	1.06	1.03	1.10	< 0.001	1.09	1.05	1.13	< 0.001
	EXCL	2–6	1.03	1.00	1.06	0.023	1.06	1.02	1.10	0.002
Number of ultraprocessed foods	CV	0	1.00*	-			1.00*	-
	EXCL	0	1.00*	-			1.00*	-
	CV	1	0.99	0.96	1.01	0.312	1.00	0.98	1.03	0.831
	EXCL	1	1.00	0.98	1.02	1	1.03	1.00	1.06	0.053
	CV	2–4	1.01	0.95	1.08	0.733	1.02	0.92	1.12	0.734
	EXCL	2–4	1.00	0.96	1.03	0.869	1.01	0.93	1.10	0.788
Number of sedentary activities	CV	< 2	1.00*	-			1.00*	-
	EXCL	< 2	1.00*	-			1.00*	-
	CV	3–5	1.08	1.04	1.12	0	1.12	1.08	1.15	< 0.001
	EXCL	3–5	1.01	0.98	1.05	0.37	1.07	1.02	1.12	0.002
	CV	6+	1.10	1.06	1.15	0	1.12	1.07	1.16	< 0.001
	EXCL	6+	1.07	1.03	1.10	0	1.09	1.05	1.13	< 0.001

Return to article view

N = 26,712 (the total number of samples counted); OR: odds ratios (95% CI limits); Lower: lower OR; Upper: upper OR; *: reference category; CV: covariate adjustment; EXCL: exclusion from regression