CRC, effect of cannabinoids in animal models
| Disease model | Treatment | Comparator | Results | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Colon cancer induced by AOM in ICR mice | CBD 1 mg/kg or 5 mg/kg, i.p., 3 times per week, over 4 weeks | vs. control | CBD, starting 1 week before the first administration of AOM, reduced significantly ACF, polyps and tumour formation (40% of mice with tumours after 1 mg/kg compared to 70% after 5 mg/kg) | [82] |
| Colon cancer induced by AOM in mice | CBG 1 or 5 mg/kg i.p. 3 times per week, 4 weeks | AOM only (10 mg/kg i.p.) once weekly | CBG (1 mg/kg) treatment reduced the number of ACF; at the 5 mg/kg dose, CBG completely suppressed the formation of ACF, and reduced by one half the number of tumours | [31] |
| Colorectal carcinoma HCT 116 cells, xenograft, nude mice | CBG 1, 3, or 10 mg/kg i.p. every day for 5 days | Vehicle without CBG | After 5 days, the average tumour volume in the control group was 2,500 mm3, in the CBG 3 mg/kg group 1,367 mm3 (45.3% inhibition of tumour growth); CBG 10 mg/kg did not increase the effect; dose dependency: 1 < 3 ~10 mg/kg per day | [31] |
| Colon cancer induced by AOM in mice | CBD-E 5 mg/kg, i.p., 3 times per week up to 3 months after 1st injection of AOM | vs. controls | CBD-E reduced AOM-induced pre-neoplastic lesions and polyps (inhibition AOM-induced ACF by 86%, polyps by 79%) and tumour growth (by 40%) | [83] |
| Human epithelial colon adenocarcinoma cells (HCT 116), s.c. xenograft, ICR mice | CBD-E 5 mg/kg per day, i.p., for 7 days | vs. control | CBD-E ≃ control; Tumour growth between control and CBD-E was signif. different on day 4, but no difference on day 7 | [83] |
AOM: azoxymethane; ACF: aberrant crypt foci; signif.: significant; CBD-E: CBD-extract (synonym: CBD-BDS, CBD botanical drug substance); ≃: almost equal; ~: about