Androgen and growth hormone-STAT5b axis role in sexual dimorphism of NAFLD
| Male | Effect(s) | Female | Effect(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| ↓ Levels of androgen | Associated with insulin resistance, T2DM, obesity, and NAFLD | ↑ Levels of androgen | Associated with the features of metabolic syndrome, NAFLD, and severe fibrosis |
| STAT5b-knockout male mice | Postnatal growth-retardation;obesity;↑ hepatic steatosis;↑ PPARγ;enhance insulin sensitivity to further increase lipogenesis | STAT5b-knockout female mice | Near-normal postnatal growth |
| STAT5b inactivity in human | Obesity | ---- | ---- |
| Testosterone deficiency | ↓ STAT5b | ---- | ---- |
↑ increased; ↓ decreased; ---- sex-balanced studies not available