| Primary NAFLD | ||
| Associated with/predisposing to incident metabolic syndrome | ||
| Secondary NAFLD | Nutritional disorders | |
| total parenteral nutrition, acute starvation | ||
| Abdominal surgery | ||
| extensive small bowel resection bilio-pancreatic diversion, jejunal by-pass | ||
| Drug-induced | ||
| diltiazem, aspirin, methotrexate, highly active antiretroviral therapy (stavudine and zidovudine) | ||
| Occupational exposure to organic solvents | ||
| (Rare) Metabolic disorders | hypobetalipoproteinemia, lipodystrophy, Weber-Christian syndrome, acute fatty liver of pregnancy, Reyes syndrome and Mauriac syndrome | |
| VAFLD | ||
| HIV, HCV | ||
| Common endocrine disorders | ||
| Hypothyroidism, hypogonadism in either sex, GH deficiency, PCOS | ||
Note. Reprinted from “Renaming NAFLD to MAFLD: could the LDE system assist in this transition?” by Lonardo A. J Clin Med. 2021;10:492 (https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10030492). CC BY.