Baseline echocardiographic characteristics of study population dichotomized by incident reduced EF
| Variable | Normal EF (n = 643) | Reduced EF (n = 37) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| LV diameter (cm) | 5.14 ± 0.48 | 5.42 ± 0.65 | 0.001 |
| LV diameter/height (cm/m) | 3.04 ± 0.27 | 3.18 ± 0.29 | 0.004 |
| Relative wall thickness | 0.42 ± 0.06 | 0.40 ± 0.06 | 0.100 |
| LV mass index (g/m2.7) | 54.1 ± 9.8 | 57.7 ± 11.6 | 0.037 |
| LVH (%) | 67 | 87 | 0.017 |
| EF (%) | 64.8 ± 5.2 | 62.2 ± 5.0 | - |
| Midwall shortening (%) | 16.1 ± 1.8 | 15.9 ± 1.5 | 0.417 |
| ESS (kdynes/cm2) | 166.5 ± 34.2 | 171.0 ± 41.5 | 0.285 |
| LA diameter (cm) | 3.88 ± 0.49 | 3.93 ± 0.68 | 0.650 |
| Mitral E/A ratio | 0.84 ± 0.32 | 0.89 ± 0.40 | 0.508 |
| E deceleration time (ms) | 219.0 ± 62.7 | 232.1 ± 72.3 | 0.199 |
| Isovolumic relaxation time (ms) | 113.4 ± 22.8 | 114.6 ± 22.1 | 0.761 |
ANCOVA with mean values adjusted for differences in age, gender, systolic BP and heart rate. E/A ratio: the ratio of peak early (E) to late (A) diastolic transmitral blood velocity; E deceleration time: the time interval from the peak of the E wave to its projected baseline indicating the duration for equalizing the pressure difference between the LA and the left ventricle. -: P-values not calculated for components of self-reported cardiovascular diseases at baseline