Anticancer activity of different phytoconstituents
| S. No. | Active constituents | Activity | Animal model | Major finding | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Ginsenosides | Antitumor | MCF-7 xenograft mouse model | FA-Rg5-BSA NPs had more efficacy in suppressing tumor development compared to Rg5 and Rg5-BSA NPs, demonstrating improved tumor accumulation capability. | [57] |
| 2. | QC, miquelianin, isoquercetin | Antitumor and antimetastatic efficacy | Orthotopic-4T1 breast tumor model | Qu-NPs enhanced the notable anticancer and antimetastatic activities by suppressing uPA. | [58] |
| 3. | Tymol, carvacrol, linalool, p-cymene | Antitumor | Homogenous matrix model | ZMSLN exhibited much superior antitumor efficacy compared to ZMEO and ZMSLN had a clear inhibitory impact on cell proliferation. | [60, 110] |
| 4. | Poly-d-glucosamine | Antimetastatic and antitumor | Hepatocarcino-ma cells model | Increased cell-killing power and improved ability to be absorbed by the body. | [66, 111] |
| 5. | Curcumin | Antitumor, brain tumors, breast and pancreatic cancers | Xenograft mouse model | FA-functionalized NPs with a magnetic field improved the cytotoxicity of drug-loaded nanocomposites. | [74, 112] |
| 6. | Campthothecin | Antitumor | Albumin-bound PTX model, tumor xenografts | A more easy administration and efficacy and safety data support nab-PTX as a breast cancer reference taxane. | [84, 113] |
| 7. | Piperine | Antitumor and prostate cancer | Nude mice model xenografted | Black pepper has been identified as a powerful nutraceutical that may effectively inhibit the development of chronic myeloid leukemia. | [89, 114, 115] |
BSA: bovine serum albumin; FA: folic acid; NPs: nanoparticles; PTX: paclitaxel; QC: quercetin