List of the phytochemicals found in the C. cauliflora plant which have known functional properties
| Parts of the tree | Extracted compound(s) | Category of bioactive compounds | Function | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leaves | K-3-Rh (C21H20O10) | Flavonoids | Active lipase inhibitor | [41] |
| Leaves | Procyanidin tetramer Catechin Procyanidin trimer Taxifolin pentoside Vitexin Isovitexin Kaempferol hexoside Quercetin pentoside Quercetin hexoside Kaempferol coumaroyl-hexoside Quercetin hexoside Isorhamnetin hexoside Apigenin-6-C-glucoside-8-C-glucoside Procyanidin hexamer | Flavonoids | Antioxidant activity AChE inhibitory activity Tyrosinase inhibitory activity α-glucosidase inhibitory activity | [1] |
| Leaves | Taxifolin 3-O-arabinofuranoside Apigenin 8-C-glucoside (vitexin) Apigenin 6-C-glucoside (isovitexin) Acacetin 7-O-β-glucoside | Flavonoids | Antioxidant activity AChE inhibitory activity Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activity α-glucosidase inhibition activities | [2] |
| Leaves | Vitexin (apigenin 8-C-glucoside) | Apigenin flavone glucoside | - | [11] |
Phytol (C20H40O) Vitamin E (C29H50O2) β-Sitosterol (C29H50O) | Phenol | - | ||
| Leaves | Amorphigenin Capensine Epigallocathecin gallate Isorhamnetin Nobiletin Xanthotoxin | Flavonoids | - | [42] |
Apigenin Cyanidin Fraxetin Malvidin Naringenin Oenin | α-glucosidase inhibition activities | |||
| Leaves | α-Thujene α-Pinene Ethyl 2-methyl pentanoate (E)-2-Methyl-3-octene-5-yne β-Pinene Myrcene δ-3-Carene α-Terpinene p-Cymene Limonene (Z)-β-Ocimene γ-Terpinene Terpinolene Linalool α-Terpineol neo-Dihydrocarveol 6-Camphenol acetate cis-Carvone oxide trans-Dihydro-α-terpinyl acetate p-Vinyl guaiacol Verbanol acetate Aromadendrene α-Himachalene β-Chamigrene α-Bulnesene trans-Cadina-1,4-diene Monoterpenes Oxygenated monoterpenes Sesquiterpenes Non-terpene derivatives | Essential oil (EO) | - | [6] |
| Fruits | K-3-Rh (C21H20O10) | Flavonoids | Active lipase inhibitor | [41] |
| Fruits | Limonene cis-Thujone trans-Pulegol β-Cubebene β-Elemene α-Guaiene cis-β-Farnesene Prezizaene 9-epi-(E)-Caryophyllene Sesquisabinene Ishwarane β-Chamigrene Germacrene D α-Muurolene β-Bisabolene α-Bulnesene γ-Cadinene Cubebol (E)-γ-Bisabolene γ-Cuprenene trans-Cadina-1,4-diene Selina-3,7(11)-diene Elemol β-Calacorene Longipinanol Globulol Longiborneol trans-β-Elemenone 1,10-di-epi-Cubenol Eremoligenol γ-Eudesmol α-Acorenol Hinesol α-Muurolol Agarospirol Valerianol Allohimachalol epi-β-Bisabolol Occidenol Longiborneol acetate 11-αH-Himachal-4-en-1-β-ol Nootkatol Cryptomerione Curcumenol (2E,6E)-Farnesol (E)-Nuciferol (Z)-Lanceol α-Chenopodiol Occidol acetate Linoleic acid Monoterpenes Oxygenated monoterpenes Sesquiterpenes Oxygenated sesquiterpenes Non-terpene derivatives | EO | - | [6] |
| Twigs | Apigenin Luteolin | Flavonoids | N/A | [43] |
| Twigs | (Z)-β-Ocimene Santolina alcohol Dihydromyrcenol Linalool trans-Sabinene hydrate cis-Verbenol Octanoic acid cis-4-Caranone Fragranol Geraniol (E)-cis-Jasmonol Decanoic acid Dodecanoic acid Squamulosone α-Eudesmol acetate Occidol acetate Linoleic acid Monoterpenes Oxygenated monoterpenes Oxygenated sesquiterpenes Non-terpene derivatives | EO | - | [6] |
| Heartwood | Apigenin (4’,5,7-trihydroxyflavone) | Flavone | Antioxidant activity | [12] |
-: no data; N/A: not applicable