Figures of merit
| Elements | LOD (µg/L) | LOQ (µg/L) | Work range (µg/L) | Repeatability (RSD, %) | Recovery (%) | Uncertainty(1) (%) | EQC (Ζ-score) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| As | 0.06 | 0.21 | 0.25–2.5 | ≤ 8.3 | 89–119 | 21–25 | –0.1 |
| Cd | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.25–2.5 | ≤ 5.6 | 93–117 | 20–25 | –1.0 |
| Co | 0.06 | 0.19 | 0.25–2.5 | ≤ 5.4 | 87–107 | 18–23 | 0.2 |
| Cr | 0.13 | 0.42 | 0.5–5.0 | ≤ 10 | 94–102 | 20–28 | 1.9 |
| Cu | 0.11 | 0.35 | 0.5–5.0 | ≤ 8.3 | 93–104 | 16–20 | 0.9 |
| I | 0.27 | 0.90 | 1–10 | ≤ 8.4 | 89–111 | 17–27 | –0.1 |
| Li | 0.06 | 0.19 | 0.25–2.5 | ≤ 8.4 | 100–114 | 26 | n.a. |
| Mn | 0.12 | 0.42 | 0.5–5.0 | ≤ 8.0 | 88–112 | 22–26 | 0.7 |
| Mo | 0.10 | 0.34 | 0.5–5.0 | ≤ 7.0 | 104–120 | 21–30 | 0.2 |
| Pb | 0.11 | 0.37 | 0.5–5.0 | ≤ 3.2 | 93–114 | 22–32 | –0.5 |
| Se | 0.13 | 0.44 | 0.5–5.0 | ≤ 7.8 | 84–107 | 21–24 | 0.1 |
| Sr | 0.12 | 0.41 | 0.5–5.0 | ≤ 7.6 | 95–117 | 20–23 | n.a. |
| Zn | 1.1 | 3.7 | 5–50 | ≤ 9.8 | 81–99 | 22–29 | –0.8 |
(1) Expanded uncertainty (coverage factor of 2). EQC: external quality control; LOD: limit of detection; LOQ: limit of quantification; n.a.: not available; RSD: relative standard deviation
Strategic projects UIDB/04292/2020 (https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDB/04292/2020) and UIDP/04292/2020 (https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDP/04292/2020) granted to MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, and the project LA/P/0069/2020 (https://doi.org/10.54499/LA/P/0069/2020) granted to the Associate Laboratory ARNET—Aquatic Research Network.
The authors also thank the colleagues of INSA’s Department of Food and Nutrition, Ana Serôdio, Andreia Lopes, Elsa Vasco, and Maria Graça Dias, for defining the sample list and executing the collection of samples.
SG, AR, ID, MV: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. IC: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing, Supervision. All authors read and approved the submitted version.
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
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Data from the present manuscript will be made available upon request.
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© The Author(s) 2024.