From:  Inorganic contaminants and micronutrients in foods consumed by the vegetarian Portuguese population

Levels of non-essential and toxic elements (mg/kg) in foods consumed by vegetarian populations

Food groupFood item                  As                  Cd                  Cr                  Co                  Li                  Sr
MinMaxMean ± SDMinMaxMean ± SDMinMaxMean ± SDMinMaxMean ± SDMinMaxMean ± SDMinMaxMean ± SD



Grains and grain-based products		Buckwheat


-


-		< LOQ (0.010)


0.0137


0.027		0.0248 ± 0.0004


0.0409


0.142		0.091 ± 0.002


0.0106


0.059		0.059 ± 0.002


-


-		< LOQ (0.010)


0.187


2.9		0.39 ± 0.01
Bulgur wheat0.0124 ± 0.00010.0137 ± 0.00030.142 ± 0.0050.0113 ± 0.00040.026 ± 0.0012.9 ± 0.1
Spelt flour< LOQ (0.010)0.027 ± 0.0010.076 ± 0.0050.0106 ± 0.0003< LOQ (0.010)1.33 ± 0.03
Millet< LOQ (0.010)< LOQ (0.010)0.0409 ± 0.00040.053 ± 0.002< LOQ (0.010)0.187 ± 0.007







Dairy products		Fresh semi-fat cow’s cheese






0.0148






0.021		0.0148 ± 0.0009






-






-		< LOQ (0.010)






0.023






0.119		0.11 ± 0.01






-






-		< LOQ (0.010)






-






-		< LOQ (0.010)






0.457






2.5		1.24 ± 0.09
Fresh low-fat cow’s cheese0.0159 ± 0.0003< LOQ (0.010)0.063 ± 0.003< LOQ (0.010)< LOQ (0.010)1.35 ± 0.02
Fresh goat cheese0.021 ± 0.002< LOQ(0.010)0.119 ± 0.008< LOQ (0.010)0.012 ± 0.0012.5 ± 0.1
Unsweetened natural Greek yogurt< LOQ (0.010)< LOQ (0.010)0.023 ± 0.002< LOQ (0.010)< LOQ (0.010)0.457 ± 0.002
Greek yogurt with fruit< LOQ (0.010)< LOQ (0.010)0.0285 ± 0.0005< LOQ (0.010)< LOQ (0.010)0.62 ± 0.04






Products for non-standard diets		Miso





0.0105





0.069		0.069 ± 0.003





0.0173





0.041		0.012 ± 0.001





0.124





0.294		0.294 ± 0.001





0.0151





0.204		0.0204 ± 0.0004





0.0127





0.038		0.038 ± 0.001





0.79





6.85		5.0 ± 0.2
Textured soy protein0.0105 ± 0.00040.041 ± 0.0010.285 ± 0.0090.204 ± 0.0030.0127 ± 0.00016.8 ± 0.3
Soy yogurt< LOQ (0.010)< LOQ (0.010)< LOQ (0.020)< LOQ (0.010)0.0149 ± 0.00050.79 ± 0.05
Soy sausage0.028 ± 0.002< LOQ (0.010)0.124 ± 0.0090.0151 ± 0.00030.036 ± 0.0013.08 ± 0.02
Seitan0.0191 ± 0.00090.0173 ± 0.00020.125 ± 0.006< LOQ (0.010)0.0251 ± 0.00021.27 ± 0.02
Soy dessert< LOQ (0.010)< LOQ (0.010)0.176 ± 0.0050.031 ± 0.0010.01746 ± 0.000031.02 ± 0.01











Pulses. dried fruits and oilseeds		Chia seeds










-










-		< LOQ (0.010)










-










-		< LOQ (0.010)










0.056










0.35		0.31 ± 0.03










0.054










0.94		0.28 ± 0.01










0.017










0.027		0.022 ± 0.001










0.98










198		43 ± 2
Brazil nuts< LOQ (0.010)< LOQ (0.010)0.27 ± 0.030.94 ± 0.03< LOQ (0.010)198 ± 8
Pumpkin seeds0.0183 ± 0.0005< LOQ (0.010)0.31 ± 0.020.054 ± 0.0020.018 ± 0.0017.4 ± 0.3
Sunflower seeds< LOQ (0.010)0.29 ± 0.010.22 ± 0.020.088 ± 0.004< LOQ (0.010)3.1 ± 0.1
Red lentils (dry)< LOQ (0.010)< LOQ (0.010)0.056 ± 0.0020.093 ± 0.0030.017 ± 0.0010.98 ± 0.04
White bean< LOQ (0.010)< LOQ (0.010)0.114 ± 0.0050.213 ± 0.003< LOQ (0.010)9.1 ± 0.3
Catarino bean< LOQ (0.010)< LOQ (0.010)0.35 ± 0.030.212 ± 0.008< LOQ (0.010)6.7 ± 0.3
Red bean< LOQ (0.010)< LOQ (0.010)0.291 ± 0.0090.179 ± 0.0090.027 ± 0.0026.8 ± 0.4
Black-eyed pea< LOQ (0.010)< LOQ (0.010)0.15 ± 0.010.115 ± 0.006< LOQ (0.010)3.4 ± 0.1
Butter bean< LOQ (0.010)< LOQ (0.010)0.086 ± 0.0030.26 ± 0.020.018 ± 0.0018.4 ± 0.6
Black bean< LOQ (0.010)< LOQ (0.010)0.23 ± 0.020.192 ± 0.005< LOQ (0.010)4.6 ± 0.4
Fruiting vegetablesGoji berries--0.019 ± 0.001--0.037 ± 0.002--0.105 ± 0.004--0.047 ± 0.003--1.10 ± 0.03--4.5 ± 0.3
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LOQ: limit of quantification