Overview of the different treatments with drying details and recipe details
| Treatment | Drying details | Recipe details |
|---|---|---|
| Oven dried muffins | SCG dried in a convection oven, 100°C, 2 h | 200 g plain flour, 200 g butter, 200 g sugar, 200 g egg, 3.5 g baking powder, and 20 g SCG |
| Freeze dried muffins | SCG freeze-dried (Lyophiliser Machine), 48 h | 200 g plain flour, 200 g butter, 200 g sugar, 200 g egg, 3.5 g baking powder, and 20 g SCG |
| Vacuum dried muffins | SCG dried in a vacuum oven, 22°C, 24 h | 200 g plain flour, 200 g butter, 200 g sugar, 200 g egg, 3.5 g baking powder, and 20 g SCG |
| Control muffins | Not applicable | 200 g plain flour, 200 g butter, 200 g sugar, 200 g egg, 3.5 g baking powder, and 5 g espresso powder |
SCG: spent coffee grounds