Exploration of Foods and Foodomics

From: Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic human health risk assessment of some vegetables irrigated with wastewater in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria

Table 2

Heavy metal concentrations in the edible parts of vegetables (mg/kg)

Name of sample	Botanical name	Hausa name	Heavy metals
Name of sample	Botanical name	Hausa name	Cd	Pb	Cr	Cu	Zn
Tomato	Solanum lycopersicum	Tumatur	32.45 ± 0.34^de*	10.90 ± 1.49^b*	31.00 ± 0.29^c*	16.98 ± 0.45^d	2.22 ± 0.32^ab
Pepper	Capsicum annuum	Attarugu	33.50 ± 0.05^f*	10.40 ± 0.83^b*	30.33 ± 0.17^bc*	12.38 ± 0.18^b	1.77 ± 0.25^a
Onion	Allium cepa	Albasa	31.93 ± 0.22^d*	10.70 ± 0.97^b*	29.67 ± 0.17^bc*	10.60 ± 0.35^a	2.28 ± 0.54^ab
Carrot	Daucus carota	Karas	28.62 ± 0.44^bc*	6.02 ± 0.80^a*	29.17 ± 1.09^b*	21.22 ± 0.42^e	2.22 ± 0.38^ab
Spinach	Spinacia oleracea	Alayyaho	26.87 ± 0.09^a*	4.17 ± 1.14^a*	32.67 ± 0.44^d*	15.18 ± 0.10^c	3.42 ± 0.73^b
Lettuce	Lactuca sativa	Salad	32.98 ± 0.31^ef*	10.78 ± 1.02^b*	38.67 ± 0.44^e*	24.38 ± 0.71^f	2.22 ± 0.07^ab
Bell pepper	Capsicium cerasiforme	Tattase	28.92 ± 0.34^c*	5.93 ± 0.54^a*	27.00 ± 0.29^a*	17.48 ± 0.80^d	2.40 ± 0.48^ab
Cucumber	Cucumis sativus	Kokwanba	27.98 ± 0.32^b*	5.27 ± 0.70^a*	27.17 ± 0.44^a*	17.78 ± 0.25^d	2.67 ± 0.48^ab
Safe limits^#			0.20	0.30	2.30	40.00	60.00

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^# Source: WHO (2019) [17]. Mean values with ^* are above WHO limits; mean followed with different letters across the column are significant at p < 0.05