China and Western countries are facing the dual pressures of population aging and the continuous prevalence of metabolic risk factors, while the patient burden of cardiovascular disease continues to increase. In addition, the number of patients with hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes has reached hundreds of millions. In most cases, the elevation of blood pressure, blood lipids, and blood sugar levels occurs insidiously. When patients are diagnosed, vascular diseases, even myocardial infarction and stroke, have already occurred. So it is particularly challenging to diagnose, control and treat cardiovascular diseases.

Therefore, recent critical point of novel therapy of vascular circulation system diseases could focus on strengthening the evaluation of cardiovascular health status, the prevention and treatment of early pathological changes, non-palpation or minimally invasive diagnosis by using novel medical devices, and advanced materials for vascular tissue engineering. We summarize the hotspot research area of cardiovascular diseases as follows:

• Perivascular medical devices and perivascular drug delivery systems, as well as novel materials and devices for vascular interventional therapy

• Novel medical diagnostics through mucous tissue or membrane with minimally invasive, high-fidelity and long-term sensing interfaces

• Biodegradable materials for directly depositing therapeutic bioink at defective organs to repair them

• Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting for building cardiovascular-related organs and tissues

Keywords: Perivascular materials, vascular prosthesis, intravascular stent, vascular glue and related materials, 3D printing of cardiovascular-related organs and tissues, diagnostic materials for cardiovascular diseases