This special issue comprising valuable publications on the identification of therapeutic targets in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases will hold significant importance due to a crucial role in advancing scientific knowledge and its fostering collaboration with clinical practice, as well as driving further research in the field.

Expected subtopics include, but are not limited to:

• Identification of new therapeutic neuroinflammatory targets.

• Common neurodegenerative diseases, their pathological features, and clinical manifestations in the context of potential therapy targets.

• Innovative gene, cell and immunotherapies.

• Innovative research on the use of precision medicine technologies to adapt to the features of personalized therapy.

• Identification of signaling pathways as molecular targets whose modification may lead to inhibiting the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.

• Cellular and animal models to investigate the effects of modulating signaling pathways on neurodegenerative disease progression.

• Animal models of neurodegenerative diseases useful for validating the effectiveness of potential therapeutic targets and elucidating the mechanisms of action.

• Challenges and future directions: identification of challenges and limitations in neurodegeneration targeting therapeutically.

Keywords: Neurodegenerative diseases, therapeutic neuroinflammatory targets, personalized medicine, signaling pathways as molecular targets, effectiveness of therapeutic targets in animal models